Nuncius Digital Nuncius Digital
XIIth International Encounter of the Freudian Field
20th and 21st July 2002, ParisThe clinic of sexuation. Impossible and choosing sides
Ecrire à Nuncius Digital : eep-dev-proprietaire@club.voila.fr
The site of the XIIth International Encounter of the Freudian Field is open : http://www.ilimit.com/XIIencuentro/
Il est d'ores et déjà possible de s'inscrire pour la somme de 110 euros via le site qui offre un paiement sécurisé par carte bancaire
Un volume préparatoire sera publié en français, espagnol et portugais, et adressé à tous les inscrits.
Cette XIIe Rencontre internationale du Champ freudien fait coupure avec les autres.
Elle cristallise l’étape actuelle de la reconquête du Champ freudien: les Ecoles du Champ freudien sont maintenant réunies dans l’Association Mondiale de Psychanalyse, qui tient son IIIe Congrès ce même mois de juillet à Bruxelles, juste avant la Rencontre.
Rencontre et Congrès ont leurs thèmes respectifs, leurs enjeux sont distincts et leur orientation commune: aiguiser à la lumière de l’enseignement de Jacques Lacan le tranchant de la psychanalyse, dans sa pratique, sa clinique et sa doctrine.
Par son intitulé, La clinique de la sexuation, cette Rencontre nous reconduit aux principes mêmes de la découverte freudienne (Les trois essais), nous confronte aux limites de l’exploration à laquelle Freud l’a menée (le “continent noir”), aux initiatives prises pour les franchir par certain(e)s disciples de Freud. Cette Rencontre invite à prendre le taureau par les cornes avec Jacques Lacan. C’est-à-dire à reprendre ses dits “premier” et “second” enseignements, à la lumière du troisième, où il délivre la clé du non rapport sexuel et en élucide les effets, dès le début des années 70, notamment dans le Séminaire XX, Encore. À nous de trouver la bonne manière de l’entendre: non pas tenir pour closes les questions, mais poser les bonnes.
Cette Rencontre interrogera comment l’anatomie n’étant pas son destin, mais le langage, tout sujet choisit, fait le choix forcé – le seul vrai –, de s’incrire dans la part homme ou dans la part femme entre lesquels se répartissent les êtres parlants, pour qui il n’y a pas de rappport sexuel.
Ces modalités logiques seront appréhendées sous de multiples angles, d’abord celui des structures cliniques (névroses, psychoses, perversions, inclassables), conjugué à ceux des nouvelles formes – épidémiques – du symptôme (toxicomanies, anorexie, etc.) comme des points criants du malaise de la civilisation (prostitution, commercialisation des organes, menace biotechnologique et autres acmés de l’horreur), à partir de ce qu’enseigne le discours analytique aujourd’hui, comme d’un effort critique de ses déviations.
La Rencontre, ouverte au public, travaillera en cinq langues, se déroulera le 20 juillet en sept séances simultanées et le 21 en plénière dans le grand auditorium du Palais des Congrès.
La séance simultanée dite des Bibliothèques a été conçue dans cette Rencontre du Champ freudien pour refléter leur rôle dans la reconquête, et donner leur place aux groupes du Champ freudien en formation ou en construction notamment à ceux qui sont rattachés à l’EEP-développement.
Une liste électronique est ouverte grâce aux bibliothèques espagnoles et notamment a Marisa Alvarez.Son adresse est : mlalvarez@mi.madritel.es
Déjà une bibliographie sur le thème de la Journée du 20 juillet, encore partielle, peut y être consultée, tous les collègues de l’EEP-développement sont invités à la compléter.
Une bibliographie implique une élaboration, elle n’est pas une simple liste, elle demande une réflexion critique à partir de repères théoriques adéquats à rendre compte de la clinique. Nous souhaitons que la liste soit le lieu de cette réflexion, qui ne peut se mener sans une discussion entre les lecteurs qui sont invités à s’y inscrire et à y adresser leurs travaux, leurs questions, leurs trouvailles, leurs vignettes cliniques etc. L’existence de cette liste ne se justifie que si ses usagers lui donnent vie, comme l’explique dans sa lettre (ci-jointe) la responsable de cette liste.
Judith Miller
Présidente de la Fondation du Champ freudien
Chers collègues,
Comme vous le savez, au sein de la XIIème Rencontre Internationale du Champ freudien – qui se tiendra à Paris, les 20 et 21 juillet 2002, sur "La clinique de la sexuation : Impossible et partis pris" , une journée des Bibliotèques de la F.I.B.C.F. aura lieu sur la « Clinique de la sexuation et (non) clinique du gender ».
Le développement de la question sur l’identité sexuelle, qui a pris son essor autour des années soixante, se situe essentiellement dans le monde anglo-saxon. Si Robert Stoller et Harry Benjamin se trouvent parmi ses promoteurs dans le champ de la clinique, ce sont essentiellement les mouvements féministes, gay, lesbiennes, transsexuels et les théories queer actuelles qui ont poussé la construction et le développement de ce concept qui traverse le droit, la philosophie, la politique, l’anthropologie, etc. C’est une thématique qui a connu ces derniers quarante ans un énorme développement et ce, spécialement aux USA, où une carte se dessine de controverses et positions diverses.
La psychanalyse y est incontestablement une référence. Elle peut soulever des objections tout comme elle peut contribuer à l’élaboration de théories sur la subjectivité et l’identité sexuelle. Quant à notre critique, une voie nous a déjà été ouverte dans le Champ freudien par quelques travaux repris dans la bibliographie ci-jointe. Par ailleurs, le Cercle de Londres de l’EEP a organisé en 1997 des journées qui ont eu lieu sous le titre de « The clinical limits of gender ». L’enjeu est maintenant plus important et plus précis : « Clinique de la sexuation et (non) clinique du gender ».
Nous aurons lors de la XIIème Rencontre, en plus de la participation à la journée des Bibliothèques, la possibilité de faire paraître dans Colofon des textes préalablement choisis. Une publication précédant la Rencontre sera réalisée ; elle recueillira les travaux les plus intéressants de chaque Bibliothèque. Nous vous tiendrons au courant.
Nous avons entre-temps, à fin d’encourager, faciliter et partager le travail de recherche qui sera fait en chaque lieu, une occasion propice à mettre en route la liste de la F.I.B.C.F. Il y aura trois tâches de départ :
- donner des renseignements sur la bibliographie, apporter celle qui nous semblerait intéressante.
- faire connaître les programmes de travail ainsi que les initiatives prises en chaque lieu.
- créer une rubrique, que nous appelerons « Lecturas criticas », où nous pourrons, au fur et à mesure de nos lectures sur ce sujet, envoyer des comptes-rendus faits du point de vue de la clinique lacanienne de la sexuation. Ces comptes-rendus n’on pas à être très longs ou exhaustifs car il s’agit de chercher des points de controverse et de discussion. D’ailleurs, la critique n’ayant pas à devenir une exigence empêchant l’écriture, il peut s’agir de remarques, ponctuations, etc. C’est ainsi que nous pourrons commencer à partager le travail.
J’attends vos réponses afin de mettre en route cette coordination. Je vous envoie pour l’instant une bibliographie de départ – avec quelques annotations en marge – que vos contributions rendront plus intéressante. Cette bibliographie est pour l’instant distribuée en deux documents, l’un pour les travaux et les livres d’auteurs du Champ freudien. Nous mettrons en marche le 15 octobre la rubrique de « Lecturas criticas » ainsi que l’information sur les programmes de travail de chaque lieu. Si vous avez d’ici là des remarques, des courts travaux sur des livres ou bien des programmations d’activités, vous pouvez me les faire parvenir, afin de les envoyer à tous dans un delai de deux jours.
Cordialement,
Marisa Alvarez
Séances simultanées (Samedi 20 Juillet 2002),
|
We propose to approach this question via the clinic, starting from three theoretical points of reference. Three different angles of approach will be used in the elaboration of the psychoanalytic theory without any heirarchy between them.
I. Unifying identifications : Following Freud we can say that the unification of the polymorphous drives by means of identifications is a way through which " sex comes to children ". It is the movement which, starting with the Oedipus, makes the girl a woman through the mother and the boy a man through the father. For Lacan, this oedipal reference is articulated as I(A), it allows each one to assume his sex and tells him what to do as a boy or as a girl.
II. The phallus : Here the point of departure is Freud's statement that there is no signifier in the unconscious to name the sexual organ of the woman. At this level there is only one signifier to speak of sex, the phallus. To sex oneself comes back to assuming the incidence of the phallus according to one of two modes : to be it or to have it. In fact the little girl considers herself to be deprived of the phallus and tries to get one, and the boy who has one believes he might lose it, and both he and she try to incarnate the phallus that the Other lacks. We underline the pitfall that an orientation of the treatment which stuck the subject in a position of identification with the phallus that the Other lacks would constitute.
III. The jouissances : In the late teaching of Lacan, the coming of sex to the child is to be considered no longer as starting from the Other as symbolic but coming from a choice of jouissance. It is a question of a distribution of jouissance. A sharing out between on the one hand a phallic jouissance - the jouissance of the One - and on the other hand a jouissance of the Other. The subject entirely caught up in the phallic function will be the man. What the woman will be, Other, who is not entirely caight up in the phallic function and who has access to a supplimentary jouissance.
The One and the heteros
At this level, it is not so much a question of knowing how today in the time of decline of the paternal figure the child accedes or not to the assumption of the ideal of his sex, as to know how he can still have access to the Other, to sexuality as hetero, when everything seems to affirm itself as One jouissance. Have we not arrived at the 1st of the unisex ? Are the man and the woman not both reduced equally to incarnating the object a surplus jouissance without any difference ? That we teach the fictions which actually produce ravage in children ?
The question from here is to know how from this jouissance of the One which is of a masturbatory character, the encounter with the Other can be made. There has to be a loss of jouissance on the side of the One for the the way to the Other to open, deduction - Jacques-Alain Miller tells us - in the form of this condenser of jouissance which is the object a. It is thus the form that this search for a remainder, for a substitute for the loss, will take that will introduce a differentiation in sexuation.
Faced with universalisation of the contemporary mode of enjoyment, how to operate the negation of the jouissance ? How can the incidence of analytic discourse on the child get castration to function to give him the possibility of a sexed position ?
What is fundamental in Freud's discovery of infantile sexuality is its link with language : it is not for nothing, Lacan will say, that we call the language we use " maternal ". Psychoanalysis teaches us that it is very problematic for a man who has not had a mother to be interested in a woman, that the little boy is attracted by the mother, while reproach, disharmony and ravage characterise the little girl's relation to the mother.
The discovery of the unconscious is that of a knowledge intimately knotted to the material of language. This materiality sticks to the skin of each one from the fact that every human being has to situate himself in relation to a sexual identification that he receives through the language of the Other. Now the unconscious makes use of only one signifier, the phallus, to allow a subject to find his place as a sexed being, which he articulates in a saying to the Other responding to his desire.
Another result of the signifying register of the phallic operator, that of jouissance: in relation to that to which the Other does not respond, it comes back to the subject to invent his solution, where psychoanalysis recognises his symptom, that is, a particular know-how in dealing with it which, while coming from the signifier, is situated at the most intimate point of the sexed living being.
In the laboratories, know-how and hindrances of other disciplines demonstrate whether or not they take into account this mark by which a subject indicates how he deals with sex.
"Loosening identifications" of the master's discourse as CIEN proposes to itself, reveals that certain symptoms come from the sexed body alone, in so far as it is marked by a loss due to the fact that it has to do with language. This canker of logos says Lacan, requires of every subject, from his first moment, a sensitivity, know-how or hindrance, before the no sexual relation, that is, the absence of coalescence between sex and language.
These living beings who speak to us, these children, who have only one take on the future, demonstrate how language traumatises the living being by not allowing him any know-how about sex, and leaving him disarmed before the hole of language which confronts him with a structural impasse. It is again language by which he is afflicted that the speaking being substitutes for this unavoidable that Lacan brought out. So, no taking into account psychic causality without that of the sexual cause.
" Sexuation " is the word chosen by Lacan to indicate this complex framework within which the subject makes the choice of a sexed identification. Imaginary and symbolic sides of the identifications enter into this choice and come into play as well as the real of jouissance. It is precisely starting from his theory of jouissances that Lacan will make the distinction between phallic jouissance and the Other jouissance to indicate the two sides of sexuation.
It is at this crossroads that the market offers offers new objects " ready to enjoy" among which there are drugs. The fundamental question which will guide our work in this workshop is the following: What use does the subject make of drugs faced with this situation which brings up the choice of sex?
On one hand we have a precious reference from Lacan which situates drugs as what allow the breaking up of the " marriage " with the phallus (1). According to this same perspective, J.-A. Miller indicates that the jouissance of drug addiction passes neither by the Other nor by phallic jouissance ; he proposes that " drugs allow the problem of sex not to be posed " (2).
If the phallic function is the reference which distinguishes these two jouissances, we ask ourselves:
- Does the use of drugs by certain subjects place these subjects in an impasse concerning the choice of their sex? Is it the solution they find in order not to make this choice? Perhaps sometimes these subjects these subjects choose this exit-door in order not to be confronted with the question of the sexed partner?
- Are they looking to annul the difference between the jouissances?
On another level, from the perspective of 'the Other that doesn't exist" and faced with the absence of guarantee that sexual reality supposes, we can ask ourselves further questions:
- What is the function of drugs for subjects who present phenomena of "push to the woman", of transexualism and the symptoms of sexual impotence, frigidity, etc?
- What is the status for certain subjects of the "new" addictions like ludopathies, multiple drug abuses, sex via the Internet, etc. ?
We are the ones who are interrogated. It is to these questions and to others that we will try to respond on July 20th 2002 in Paris, starting from what the psychoanalytic clinic has taught us.
1- Lacan, J., Intervention lors de la session de clôture des " Journées des Cartels " de l'EFP en 1975. Lettre de l'Ecole Freudienne de Paris n° 18
2- Miller, J.-A.,
" Para una investigacion sobre el goce autoerotico ", in Sujeto, Goce y Modernidad, Ed Atuel - TyA, Buenos Aires, 1993, p 18.
" Pour une recherche autour de la jouissance autoérotique ", Analytica n° 57, Navarin Editeur.
Against its will, medicine has to admit that it is becoming a relay between the products discovered by science and the changing nature of morals. It has acquired a role there that it no longer recognises in the chain of demands which are linked to sexual life; it does not take offence at sometimes having to direct its complaints there.
The aim of the care it provides in this domain has already overtaken the area of hygene of yesterday, where sexology claims to find its titles of respectability. What it provides is augmented by a growing demand confronted with the choices of a life in which the individual has a right to the blossoming spontaneity of the body, assimilating the hope of happiness to the social imperatives of good health.
What is health for sex? In what way, in these terms, is sexual life appropriate to furnish indicators valid for everyone ? How and why conceive of jouissance as other than the pleasure of the organ, and approach the organ beyond its psycho-physiological function? In practice, medicine is more concerned with facing up to specific requests in the register of a demand for imaginable and accessible satisfaction than with responding to questions ambitious for truth.
Also, the appearance of a naturalist victory which explains the triumph of the solutions it offers does not mislead those that it trains without hiding from them that its concern about sexual life is proportional to an increasing obliteration : an obliteration which does nothing to clarify the research into the causes of lack which make up the realities of desire, nor to explain that the obligation to enjoy strikes horror into the very ones who brandish it.
This is why the practice of scientific medicine produces new instances of the failures which cause suffering. These days the doctor or the carer is the witness, as receptionist, of ingenious unquenched unsatisfactions, of exquisite pains, which are the contemporary forms of a response to the obliteration of a real that science is unable to define, lacking the ability to tolerate the fact that there is no harmony between subjects, rather that it divides and separates them.
Clip-Medicine will present and debate these technological impasses that sexual life changes into fertile paradoxes.
The clinic of sexuation is little interrogated as such in the institutions. However, many facts and the speech which comes out in a daily practice signal the presence of this dimension in the subjects whom we receive.
Here there appears a real which is an enigma and which the subject can assume differently following his structure. If he is neurotic he will lean on the Name of the Father and phallic signification to place himself within the sexual order. If he is psychotic he will have to force for himself, without recourse to the Other, a particular path to respond to his choice.
From puberty the sexual breaks into the body of the subject, most often bringing about moments of subjective disorganisation. How can the subject thus symbolise these real bodily transformations? What means has he at his disposal for replying to the encounter with the Other sex? What invention is he pushed into making of which we might be the witness?
In the preceding workshops of R13, the institutional clinic has demonstrated its way of operating for us through exploration of the possible elaborations and of its means for a psychotic subject:
- treatment lasting as long as necessary, time finding its co-ordinates only according to those proper to the subject.
- anchoring point when that of the Name of the Father is missing,
- practice with many, which engages a subject in producing himself in a new transferential relation to the other.
This workshop entitled: "Sex without Oedipus" will orientate itself on different registers of questions.
We will question ourselves on the impasses encountered by the subject when it comes to assuming his sex. These impasses proper to the treatment of of jouissance vary according to whether the subject be autistic, schizophrenic or parannoiac.
We unfold the conditions neccesary to put in place such that that an institution might operate a clinic on the real of sex within which each one can find his solution.
Cette Journée sera ouverte aux enseignants et à tous les étudiants des Sections, Antennes et Collèges cliniques francophones, dans la limite des places disponibles, suivant l’ordre d’arrivée des inscriptions.
Les Sections cliniques étrangères, argentines, brésiliennes, espagnoles, italienne et israelienne seront invitées à participer à cette Journée.
Comme toutes ces dernières années, un volume préparatoire contenant essentiellement des textes cliniques sera publié avant la Journée. Une Conversation en salles multiples discutera ces textes durant toute la journée du 20 juillet.
Lors de la réunion des coordinateurs des Sections cliniques francophones, après la Journée “Lol” de juin dernier, 17 auteurs (un par Section, Collège ou Antenne) ont été conviés à écrire un texte pour le volume préparatoire.
Pour tout renseignement concernant cette Journée, s’adresser par e-mail aux responsables : cdls@wanadoo.fr ou jp.deffieux@free.fr
| Ecrire à Nuncius Digital : eep-dev-proprietaire@club.voila.fr |